ESP32-Based Intelligent Fire Hazard Surveillance and Early Warning Platform with Multi-Level Safety Alerts

The ESP32-Based Intelligent Fire Hazard Surveillance and Early Warning Platform is a smart safety system designed to detect potential fire hazards at an early stage through continuous monitoring of combustible gases, smoke concentration, and abnormal temperature conditions. The platform integrates an MQ gas sensor, MAX6675 thermocouple interface, and an ESP32 microcontroller to provide real-time environmental surveillance and intelligent risk assessment.

The system continuously analyzes gas concentration levels and temperature variations to identify hazardous conditions that may lead to fire incidents. Based on predefined safety thresholds, the platform classifies risk levels into multiple stages such as Safe, Warning, Critical, and Emergency, enabling proactive safety management and timely intervention.

When abnormal conditions are detected, the system automatically activates DC exhaust fans through relay modules to improve ventilation and reduce hazardous gas accumulation. Simultaneously, a buzzer-based alarm system provides audible warnings, while an OLED display presents real-time environmental parameters, system status, and emergency notifications.

Powered by a 3S lithium-ion battery pack with regulated power supplied through buck converters, the platform ensures reliable operation during power interruptions and emergency situations. The integrated architecture offers a compact, portable, and energy-efficient solution suitable for industrial facilities, warehouses, laboratories, electrical control rooms, battery storage systems, and smart buildings.

The proposed platform enhances fire prevention capabilities by combining embedded intelligence, automated response mechanisms, and multi-level safety alerts to improve personnel safety, infrastructure protection, and operational reliability.

Key Features

• Real-time combustible gas and smoke detection

• High-temperature monitoring using MAX6675 thermocouple interface

• Multi-level hazard classification (Safe, Warning, Critical, Emergency)

• Automatic relay-controlled ventilation system

• OLED-based live monitoring interface

• Audible emergency alert generation

• Battery-backed emergency operation

• ESP32 wireless connectivity support

• Intelligent fire risk assessment

• Early warning and preventive safety mechanism

Applications

• Industrial Safety Monitoring

• Smart Warehouses

• Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS)

• Chemical and Research Laboratories

• Electrical Control Panels and Switchgear Rooms

• LPG and Fuel Storage Facilities

• Data Centers and Server Rooms

• Manufacturing Plants

• Commercial Kitchens

• Smart Building Fire Prevention Systems