Development of an IoT-Enabled Smart Metering Platform for Energy Theft Detection and Automated Load Protection

The IoT-Enabled Smart Metering Platform for Energy Theft Detection and Automated Load Protection is designed to monitor electrical power consumption in real time. The system uses two PZEM energy meters to measure power at the main supply line and the consumer load side. An ESP32 controller compares both readings and detects any abnormal power difference that may indicate electricity theft or unauthorized load connection.

When a theft condition is detected, the system activates a buzzer alarm, displays the fault status on an OLED screen, records the event, and can automatically disconnect the load using a relay for protection. A web dashboard provides live monitoring of voltage, current, power, and theft events, allowing users to track system status remotely.

This project offers a low-cost and effective solution for improving electrical distribution security, reducing energy losses, and enhancing smart grid monitoring.